With mine it's not as much of a doomsday, more of my laziness than obsolete vidcard. (and 435 can run Vulkan just fine with the right card, as long as the card supports it, I just checked, Vulkan and DXVK definitely work.)
I didn't dig deep into why 450 doesn't work, my guess is that it's just a couple years of doing weird things to Ubuntu LTS... And as you noted, kernel updates for that one will stop coming soon, so I'm going to need to re-install sometime in the next few weeks anyway.